Demographics - Monaco
| GENERAL: | |||
| Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center. | |||
| GEOGRAPHY: | |||
| Location: | Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy | ||
| Geographic coordinates: | 43 44 N, 7 24 E | ||
| Map references: | Europe | ||
| Area: | total: | 1.95 sq km | |
| land: | 1.95 sq km | ||
| water: | 0 sq km | ||
| Land boundaries: | total: | 4.4 km | |
| border countries: | France 4.4 km | ||
| Coastline: | 4.1 km | ||
| Maritime claims: | territorial sea: | 12 nm | |
| Climate: | Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers | ||
| Terrain: | hilly, rugged, rocky | ||
| Elevation extremes: | lowest point: | Mediterranean Sea 0 m | |
| highest point: | Mont Agel 140 m | ||
| Natural resources: | none | ||
| Land use: | arable land: | 0% | |
| permanent crops: | 0% | ||
| other: | 100% (urban area) | ||
| Geography - note: |
second-smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban |
||
| PEOPLE: | |||
| Population: | 32,543 | ||
| Age structure: | 0-14 years: | 15.2% (male 2,539/female 2,417) | |
| 15-64 years: | 62.1% (male 9,959/female 10,266) | ||
| 65 years and over: | 22.6% (male 3,015/female 4,347) | ||
| Median age: | total: | 45.4 years | |
| male: | 43.3 years | ||
| female: | 47.3 years | ||
| Population growth rate: | 0.40% | ||
| Birth rate: | 9.19 births/1,000 population | ||
| Death rate: | 12.91 deaths/1,000 population | ||
| Net migration rate: | 7.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population | ||
| Sex ratio: | at birth: | 1.05 male(s)/female | |
| under | 1.05 male(s)/female | ||
| 15-64 years: | 0.97 male(s)/female | ||
| 65 years and over: | 0.69 male(s)/female | ||
| total population: | 0.91 male(s)/female | ||
| Infant mortality rate: | total: | 5.35 deaths/1,000 live births | |
| male: | 6.19 deaths/1,000 live births | ||
| female: | 4.46 deaths/1,000 live births | ||
| Life expectancy at birth: | total population: | 79.69 years | |
| male: | 75.85 years | ||
| female: | 83.74 years | ||
| Total fertility rate: | 1.76 children born/woman | ||
| Nationality: | noun: | Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s) | |
| adjective: | Monegasque or Monacan | ||
| Ethnic groups: | French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21% | ||
| Religions: | Roman Catholic 90% | ||
| Languages: | French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque | ||
| Literacy: | definition: | age 15 and over can read and write | |
| total population: | 99% | ||
| male: | 99% | ||
| female: | 99% | ||
| GOVERNMENT: | |||
| Country name: | conventional long form: | Principality of Monaco | |
| conventional short form: | Monaco | ||
| local long form: | Principaute de Monaco | ||
| local short form: | Monaco | ||
| Government type: | constitutional monarchy | ||
| Capital: | Monaco | ||
| Administrative divisions: | none; there are no first-order administrative divisions , but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo | ||
| Independence: | 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi) | ||
| National holiday: | National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November | ||
| Constitution: | 22997 | ||
| Legal system: | based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | ||
| Suffrage: | 21 years of age; universal | ||
| Executive branch: | |||
| chief of state: | Prince ALBERT II (since 6 April 2005) | ||
| head of government: | Minister of State Jean-Paul PROUST (since 1 June 2005) | ||
| cabinet: | Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch | ||
| elections: | none; the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government | ||
| Legislative branch: | unicameral National Council or Conseil National (24 seats; 16 members elected by list majority system, 8 by proportional representation; to serve five-year terms) | ||
| elections: | last held 9 February 2003 (next to be held February 2008) | ||
| election results: | percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UNAM 21, UND 3 | ||
| Judicial branch: | Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council) | ||
| Political parties and leaders: | National and Democratic Union or UND [Jean-Louis CAMPORA]; Union for Monaco or UPM (including National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM) [leader NA] | ||
| Flag description: | two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red | ||
| ECONOMY: | |||
| Economy - overview: | Monaco, bordering France on the Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. In 2001, a major construction project extended the pier used by cruise ships in the main harbor. The principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. | ||
| GDP - real growth rate: | 0.90% | ||
| GDP - per capita (PPP): | $27,000 | ||
| GDP - composition by sector: | agriculture: | 17% | |
| industry: | NA% | ||
| services: | NA% | ||
| Labor force: | 30,540 | ||
| Unemployment rate: | 22% | ||
| Inflation rate (consumer prices): | 1.90% | ||
| Industries: | tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products | ||
| Exports: | note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France | ||
| Imports: | note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France | ||
| Currency (code): | euro (EUR) | ||
| Fiscal year: | calendar year | ||
| TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES: | |||
| Disputes - international: | none | ||
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